Mmokolodi solar PV project – Demonstrating sustainable renewable energy system design and potential for Botswana rural electrification

Abstract

The aim of this paper is to introduce the AU-funded distributed solar photovoltaic (PV) research project currently being implemented at the Mmokolodi Village in Botswana. The paper shall outline the potential of the project for rural electrification and assess system design considerations guaranteeing its sustainability. A descriptive methodology is considered sufficient to capture the complexity of the project's design goal and its sustenance beyond the project time. The inherent complexity cited underlines the need for a holistic system design view embracing technical, social, economical, environmental, and ownership dimensions. These dimensions are substantiated in the paper applying suitable frameworks. Within one of the frameworks, an overview of possible business models is explored, in particular looking at Product-Service Systems and related ownership models as promising approach for project sustainability. The current status of this ongoing research work limits definitive commentary about the expected final result. Whereas valid business case statements for sustaining the Mmokolodi project can already be made, the other sustainability metrics namely feasibility, viability and desirability remain projected goals. The results of this research exemplify the need for interdisciplinary collaboration in sustainable energy research undertakings. The assessments made will help future project implementers to anticipate implementation hurdles proactively. The results will help energy end-users at the Mmokolodi community to access affordable modern energy and assess its desirability. For policy planners these results may shape energy planning to embrace the complexity inherent in the energy planning process.