http://bura.brunel.ac.uk/handle/2438/8587 Part of College of Business, Arts and Social Sciences until 2024/25 Fri, 03 Jul 2026 22:22:27 GMT 2026-07-03T22:22:27Z http://bura.brunel.ac.uk/handle/2438/33556 Title: An exploration into the acculturation experiences of female Iranians after their migration to Britain following the 1979 Iranian revolution Authors: Issapour, Tooran Abstract: The Iranian Revolution of 1979 caused great changes in the status of women in Iran. Many of these changes, together with the war with Iraq, resulted in life being intolerable for many women, especially those who were highly educated, to such an extent that they and their families had no option but to leave the country and restart their lives elsewhere. This study is concerned with the experiences of 17 such women who started new lives in Britain in the 1980s and 90s, how they dealt with any lack of ability to communicate in English, how they continued their careers or started new ones, and how they coped with the effects of substantial differences in the cultural values of their previous lives in Iran and in their new country. Using face-to-face, semi-structured interviews, a large amount of data has been elicited from the participants. Analysis of this data has resulted in the following main findings. All of the women showed great strength of character, giving them determination to forge new successful lives. They all realised that learning the host language was a fundamental necessity in helping with their acculturation. Additionally, they encountered problems with the different sociocultural values of Iran and Britain. For example, living within a host society more liberal and less patriarchal than that of their home country was a factor that badly affected seven of their marriages. Moreover, homesickness and even bereavement as a result of leaving their home country was strongly felt by most of the participants. The main recommendations arising from this study are that the teaching of English to immigrants should be prioritised by the UK government and implemented competently with sufficient funding, that immigrants who have experienced trauma should be offered help and that the UN and host governments should make it clear to the Iranian ruling regime that their treatment of women, even at the current time, is inexcusable and foreign policy should be focussed upon making this clear to the authorities in Iran. Description: This thesis was submitted for the award of Doctor of Philosophy and was awarded by Brunel University London Thu, 01 Jan 2026 00:00:00 GMT http://bura.brunel.ac.uk/handle/2438/33556 2026-01-01T00:00:00Z http://bura.brunel.ac.uk/handle/2438/33545 Title: Public country-by-country reporting, tax avoidance and the cost of equity capital: pan-European evidence Authors: Aboud, A; Eliwa, Y; Liu, J; Saleh, A Abstract: Purpose: The purpose of this paper is to investigate the role of tax avoidance in multinational corporations’ management decisions to voluntarily disclose country-by-country (CbC) information in annual reports and examine investors’ perceptions of these disclosures. Design/methodology/approach: The authors use robust cluster standard errors pooled regression and a sample of 3,243 firm-year observations of European multinational corporations (MNCs) between 2007 and 2018. CbC reporting data are hand-collected from MNCs’ annual reports, whereas the firm-level financial variables are obtained from the Thomson Reuters DataStream and IBES databases. Data for the Financial Secrecy Index are obtained from the Tax Justice Network website. Findings: This study demonstrates that firms engaging in higher levels of tax avoidance tend to disclose less CbC information. Furthermore, the authors find that investors reward increased transparency and tax-responsible behavior by lowering the cost of equity capital. The analysis also shows that the impact of CbC reporting on the cost of equity is more pronounced for firms with lower tax avoidance. Additionally, the authors find that multinational corporations with high tax avoidance operating in countries with high financial secrecy are less likely to disclose CbC information. Originality/value: This study contributes to the growing discourse on corporate tax behavior by offering policy-relevant insights for regulators, policymakers and accounting standard-setters in support of mandatory public CbC reporting for non-financial multinational corporations. Tue, 16 Sep 2025 00:00:00 GMT http://bura.brunel.ac.uk/handle/2438/33545 2025-09-16T00:00:00Z http://bura.brunel.ac.uk/handle/2438/33539 Title: Untangling indigenous leadership competences in sustainability challenged firms: A Sustainable Indigenous Network Leadership commitment toward emission mitigation in Bahrain energy industry Authors: AlGhanem, N; Braganza, A; Harrison, C Abstract: This study examines how indigenous leadership competences can be integrated into network leadership frameworks to support emission mitigation in Bahrain's energy sector. Given the lack of culturally aligned leadership models in sustainability-challenged firms, this research addresses a theoretical and practical gap. Drawing on qualitative data from eight firms, the study proposes a Sustainable Indigenous Network Leadership (SINLA) framework comprising four competence dimensions: socio-cultural, socio-political, socio-economic, and socio-knowledge. The findings reveal that embedding indigenous values into network leadership enhances organisational change capacity and supports organisational transformation addressing climate change. This contributes to leadership theory by expanding the applicability of network leadership to non-Western, emission-intensive contexts. Description: Data availability: Data will be made available on request. Fri, 12 Jun 2026 00:00:00 GMT http://bura.brunel.ac.uk/handle/2438/33539 2026-06-12T00:00:00Z http://bura.brunel.ac.uk/handle/2438/33536 Title: Identifying Clinical Managers’ Leadership Competencies: A Systematic Review and Cross-Frameworks Mapping Using the CLCF Authors: Maashi, A; Davies, J Abstract: Background/Objectives: Effective clinical leadership is a critical driver of healthcare quality, patient safety, and organisational performance. However, evidence on the leadership competencies of healthcare professionals in formal management roles remains fragmented. It is dispersed across professional groups, healthcare contexts, and conceptual frameworks, limiting opportunities for synthesis and cumulative knowledge development. This systematic review examined three questions: how clinical managers perceive their leadership competency; what challenges they encounter in exercising leadership roles; and what development mechanisms the literature identifies. Methods: A systematic review was conducted following PRISMA 2020 guidelines and registered in PROSPERO (CRD420261305279). Four databases were searched: Ovid MEDLINE, CINAHL, EMCARE, and Web of Science from January 2010 to February 2026. Two reviewers independently screened studies; methodological quality was assessed using the Mixed Methods Appraisal Tool (MMAT). Reported competencies were mapped to the five domains of the Clinical Leadership Competency Framework (CLCF) using narrative integrative synthesis. Results: Forty-nine studies were included across quantitative, qualitative, and mixed-methods designs from 24 countries. Competencies in the Working with Others and Demonstrating Personal Qualities domains were reported as strengths across the largest number of included studies. Competencies in Managing Services, Improving Services, and Setting Direction were reported as areas of weakness or developmental need across multiple studies. Leadership challenges included inadequate preparation, role ambiguity, limited authority, and organisational constraints. Development needs spanned formal training, strategic competency building, mentoring, and sustained organisational support. Conclusions: Clinical leadership competency is unevenly distributed across CLCF domains. This pattern reflects not only individual developmental gaps but also the organisational and contextual conditions that shape how leadership is enacted in practice. The findings support a contextual-relational model of clinical leadership. Both individual capability and enabling organisational conditions must be addressed to strengthen leadership effectiveness across healthcare systems. Description: Data Availability Statement: No new data were created or analysed in this study.; Supplementary Materials: The following supporting information can be downloaded at: https://www.mdpi.com/article/10.3390/healthcare14121720/s1, Table S1. Search strategy for four databases. Table S2. Quality assessment for qualitative studies. Table S3. Characteristics of included studies. Table S4. Mapping of reported leadership competencies from included studies to the domains of the CLCF. Mon, 15 Jun 2026 00:00:00 GMT http://bura.brunel.ac.uk/handle/2438/33536 2026-06-15T00:00:00Z