Please use this identifier to cite or link to this item: http://bura.brunel.ac.uk/handle/2438/8867
Title: The significance of hazardous chemicals in wastewater treatment works effluents
Authors: Gardner, M
Comber, S
Scrimshaw, MD
Cartmell, E
Lester, J
Ellor, B
Keywords: Priority substance;Regulation;Wastewater;Effluent;Chemicals
Issue Date: 2012
Publisher: Elsevier
Citation: Science of Total Environment, 437, 363 - 372, 2012
Abstract: The advent of increasingly stringent and wider ranging European Union legislation relating to water and the environment has required regulators to assess compliance risk and to respond by formulating appropriate pollution control measures. To support this process the UK Water Industry has completed a national Chemicals Investigation Programme (CIP), to monitor over 160 wastewater treatment works (WwTWs) for 70 determinands. Final effluent concentrations of zinc, polynuclear aromatic hydrocarbons (fluoranthene, benzo(a)pyrene, benzo(b)fluoranthene, benzo(k)fluoranthene, benzo(g,h,i)perylene and indeno(1,2,3-cd)pyrene), “penta” congeners (BDEs) 47 and 99, tributyltin, triclosan, erythromycin, oxytetracycline, ibuprofen, propranolol, fluoxetine, diclofenac, 17β-estradiol and 17α-ethinyl estradiol exceeded existing or proposed Environmental Quality Standards (EQSs) in over 50% of WwTWs. Dilution by receiving water might ensure compliance with EQSs for these chemicals, apart from the BDEs. However, in some cases there will be insufficient dilution to ensure compliance and additional management options may be required.
Description: This is the post-print version of the final paper published in Science of The Total Environment. The published article is available from the link below. Changes resulting from the publishing process, such as peer review, editing, corrections, structural formatting, and other quality control mechanisms may not be reflected in this document. Changes may have been made to this work since it was submitted for publication. Copyright @ 2012 Elsevier B.V.
URI: http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S004896971201039X
http://bura.brunel.ac.uk/handle/2438/8867
DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2012.07.086
ISSN: 0048-9697
Appears in Collections:Environment
Institute for the Environment

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