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DC Field | Value | Language |
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dc.contributor.author | Stallings-Smith, S | - |
dc.contributor.author | Zeka, A | - |
dc.contributor.author | Goodman, P | - |
dc.contributor.author | Kabir, Z | - |
dc.contributor.author | Clancy, L | - |
dc.date.accessioned | 2013-05-08T12:54:37Z | - |
dc.date.available | 2013-05-08T12:54:37Z | - |
dc.date.issued | 2013 | - |
dc.identifier.citation | PLoS One, 8(4): e62063, Apr 2013 | en_US |
dc.identifier.issn | 1932-6203 | - |
dc.identifier.uri | http://www.plosone.org/article/info%3Adoi%2F10.1371%2Fjournal.pone.0062063 | en |
dc.identifier.uri | http://bura.brunel.ac.uk/handle/2438/7432 | - |
dc.description | Copyright @ 2013 Stallings-Smith et al. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. | en_US |
dc.description | This article has been made available through the Brunel Open Access Publishing Fund. | - |
dc.description.abstract | Background: Previous studies have shown decreases in cardiovascular mortality following the implementation of comprehensive smoking bans. It is not known whether cerebrovascular or respiratory mortality decreases post-ban. On March 29, 2004, the Republic of Ireland became the first country in the world to implement a national workplace smoking ban. The aim of this study was to assess the effect of this policy on all-cause and cause-specific, non-trauma mortality. Methods: A time-series epidemiologic assessment was conducted, utilizing Poisson regression to examine weekly age and gender-standardized rates for 215,878 non-trauma deaths in the Irish population, ages ≥35 years. The study period was from January 1, 2000, to December 31, 2007, with a post-ban follow-up of 3.75 years. All models were adjusted for time trend, season, influenza, and smoking prevalence. Results: Following ban implementation, an immediate 13% decrease in all-cause mortality (RR: 0.87; 95% CI: 0.76-0.99), a 26% reduction in ischemic heart disease (IHD) (RR: 0.74; 95% CI: 0.63-0.88), a 32% reduction in stroke (RR: 0.68; 95% CI: 0.54-0.85), and a 38% reduction in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) (RR: 0.62; 95% CI: 0.46-0.83) mortality was observed. Post-ban reductions in IHD, stroke, and COPD mortalities were seen in ages ≥65 years, but not in ages 35-64 years. COPD mortality reductions were found only in females (RR: 0.47; 95% CI: 0.32-0.70). Post-ban annual trend reductions were not detected for any smoking-related causes of death. Unadjusted estimates indicate that 3,726 (95% CI: 2,305-4,629) smoking-related deaths were likely prevented post-ban. Mortality decreases were primarily due to reductions in passive smoking. Conclusions: The national Irish smoking ban was associated with immediate reductions in early mortality. Importantly, post-ban risk differences did not change with a longer follow-up period. This study corroborates previous evidence for cardiovascular causes, and is the first to demonstrate reductions in cerebrovascular and respiratory causes. | en_US |
dc.language.iso | en | en_US |
dc.publisher | Public Library of Science | en_US |
dc.title | Reductions in cardiovascular, cerebrovascular, and respiratory mortality following the national Irish smoking ban: Interrupted time-series analysis | en_US |
dc.type | Article | en_US |
dc.identifier.doi | http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0062063 | - |
pubs.organisational-data | /Brunel | - |
pubs.organisational-data | /Brunel/Brunel Active Staff | - |
pubs.organisational-data | /Brunel/Brunel Active Staff/Institute for the Environment | - |
pubs.organisational-data | /Brunel/Brunel Active Staff/Institute for the Environment/Institute for the Environment | - |
pubs.organisational-data | /Brunel/University Research Centres and Groups | - |
pubs.organisational-data | /Brunel/University Research Centres and Groups/School of Health Sciences and Social Care - URCs and Groups | - |
pubs.organisational-data | /Brunel/University Research Centres and Groups/School of Health Sciences and Social Care - URCs and Groups/Brunel Institute for Ageing Studies | - |
pubs.organisational-data | /Brunel/University Research Centres and Groups/School of Health Sciences and Social Care - URCs and Groups/Centre for Epidemiology and Health Services Research | - |
Appears in Collections: | Publications Community Health and Public Health Brunel OA Publishing Fund Institute for the Environment |
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