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Objectives: Introduce The ExtRA Capacity Test, a measure for assessing shoulder muscle performance. Assess its reliability, validity and present normative scores in a large sample of asymptomatic adults. Design: Cross-sectional observational study with test–retest. Setting: ...

A gendered ideology and a gendered hierarchy are prominent components that impact African women’s leadership and career advancement. By considering extant literature, empirical evidence, and expert insights on this topic, the aim of this chapter is to understand the dynamics surrounding wome...

Public service broadcasters are supposed to be the most trusted news outlets in democratic societies. Funded through models like licence fees and free from advertising, they are meant to stand apart from commercial media

Academic freedom is often described as a cornerstone of democratic society. Politicians regularly claim to defend it, universities invoke it in mission statements and most members of the public say they support it in principle.

Co-design is a participatory approach that seeks to increase end users’ involvement in designing products and services. However, there is a lack of active participation by young people in the design of tobacco control health communication, especially in African countries. This thesis ha...

Rebuilding cities after conflict often prioritizes political or economic interests at the expense of long-term resilience, equity and inclusion. Post-war recovery must break away from traditional, interest-driven patterns. Instead, reconstruction should be redefined through a science-driven, multidisciplinary l...

This thesis presents a novel approach to design and implement a new channel coding method combined with a Adaptive RIS (ARIS) to enhance Terahertz (THz) communication in 6G networks. The research addresses the crucial requirements of 6G communication, including ultra-fast data transmission,&...

Solar photovoltaic (PV) systems are currently seen as an affordable and mainstream renewable energy option to support energy decarbonisation, aligning with commitments of the UN Sustainable Development Goals (SDG 7). This technology prevails in high irradiance places such as deserts, where s...