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DC Field | Value | Language |
---|---|---|
dc.contributor.author | Gobet, F | - |
dc.contributor.author | Simon, HA | - |
dc.coverage.spatial | 71 | en |
dc.date.accessioned | 2007-11-24T12:16:35Z | - |
dc.date.available | 2007-11-24T12:16:35Z | - |
dc.date.issued | 1996 | - |
dc.identifier.citation | Cognitive Psychology, 31(1): 1-40, Aug 1996 | en |
dc.identifier.uri | http://bura.brunel.ac.uk/handle/2438/1339 | - |
dc.description.abstract | This paper addresses empirically and theoretically a question derived from the chunking theory of memory (Chase & Simon, 1973): To what extent is skilled chess memory limited by the size of short-term memory (about 7 chunks)? This question is addressed first with an experiment where subjects, ranking from class A players to grandmasters, are asked to recall up to 5 positions presented during 5 seconds each. Results show a decline of percentage of recall with additional boards, but also show that expert players recall more pieces than is predicted by the chunking theory in its original form. A second experiment shows that longer latencies between the presentation of boards facilitate recall. In a third experiment, a Chessmaster gradually increases the number of boards he can reproduce with higher than 70% average accuracy to nine, replacing as many as 160 pieces correctly. To account for the results of these experiments, a revision of the Chase-Simon theory is proposed. It is suggested that chess players, like experts in other recall tasks, use long-term memory retrieval structures (Chase & Ericsson, 1982) or templates in addition to chunks in STM, to store information rapidly. | en |
dc.format.extent | 487144 bytes | - |
dc.format.mimetype | application/pdf | - |
dc.language.iso | en | - |
dc.publisher | Elsevier | en |
dc.subject | Chunking theory | en |
dc.subject | Template theory | en |
dc.subject | Expertise | en |
dc.subject | Chess | en |
dc.subject | Short-term memory | en |
dc.subject | Chunk | en |
dc.subject | Recall | en |
dc.subject | Multiple boards | en |
dc.subject | Single subject design | en |
dc.subject | Retrieval structures | en |
dc.subject | Template | en |
dc.subject | Simon | en |
dc.subject | Chase | en |
dc.subject | Ericsson | en |
dc.subject | Interfering tasks | en |
dc.subject | Level of processing | en |
dc.subject | Cooke | en |
dc.subject | Frey | en |
dc.subject | Adesman | en |
dc.subject | Schema | en |
dc.subject | Variable | en |
dc.subject | Slot | en |
dc.subject | High level description | en |
dc.subject | Memory | en |
dc.subject | Ericsson | en |
dc.subject | Kintsch | en |
dc.subject | Long-term working memory | en |
dc.title | Templates in chess memory: A mechanism for recalling several boards | en |
dc.type | Research Paper | en |
dc.identifier.doi | http://dx.doi.org/10.1006/cogp.1996.0011 | - |
Appears in Collections: | Psychology Dept of Life Sciences Research Papers |
Files in This Item:
File | Description | Size | Format | |
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Multiple_boards.pdf | 475.73 kB | Adobe PDF | View/Open |
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