A Qualitative exploration of physiotherapists' perceptions about exercise and physical activity: Reflections on the results from a Delphi Study

Abstract

Purpose: This study explored physiotherapists’ interpretation of exercise and physical activity, examined physiotherapists’ views and opinions about the prioritised physical activity practices of people with multiple sclerosis and its implication for clinical practice.

Method: Fourteen physiotherapists (12 females, 2 males) with experience of working with people with multiple sclerosis in the community participated in three focus groups. Physiotherapists commented on the results of a previous Delphi study which highlighted the prioritised exercise and physical activity practices and reasons people with multiple sclerosis engage in exercise and physical activity. The focus groups were audio recorded and transcribed verbatim. Data were analysed using framework analysis.

Results: Four themes were developed from the analysis namely, Blurred terminologies, Influencing factors for the meaning of exercise and physical activity, When professional expertise meets experiential expertise and The resolve: resolving professional and experiential tensions.

Conclusion: Physiotherapists described exercise and physical activity as movement with a focus on the physiological attributes. Nonetheless they valued and use exercise and physical activity as strategies to manage the symptoms associated with multiple sclerosis. Physiotherapists are strategically placed in the community to initiate discussions, assess, and create opportunities to enhance the physical activity practices of people with multiple sclerosis. However, there is greater scope for the application of physical activity to be embedded in routine clinical practice in the management of multiple sclerosis in the community.

Implications for rehabilitation Physiotherapists should design flexible physical activity programmes which are meaningful, engaging and foster the necessary environment to sustain physical activity participation in people with multiple sclerosis.

Health professionals should be aware of and understand the individuals’ priorities as these are key drivers to engaging and sustaining physical activity in community dwelling people with multiple sclerosis.

Physiotherapists should be aware of their own beliefs and theoretical principles that guide designs and treatment programmes as these might either enhance or restrict physical activity in people with multiple sclerosis.