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http://bura.brunel.ac.uk/handle/2438/23290
Title: | Immunity, Sex Hormones, and Environmental Factors as Determinants of COVID-19 Disparity in Women |
Authors: | Rehman, S Ravinayagam, V Nahvi, I Aldossary, H Al-Shammari, M Amiri, MSA Kishore, U Al-Suhaimi, EA |
Keywords: | COVID-19;Environment;Estrogen;Immunity;Gender;Hormones;Microbiota |
Issue Date: | 18-Aug-2021 |
Publisher: | Frontiers Media SA |
Citation: | Rehman S, Ravinayagam V, Nahvi I, Aldossary H, Al-Shammari M, Amiri MSA, Kishore U and Al-Suhaimi EA (2021) Immunity, Sex Hormones, and Environmental Factors as Determinants of COVID-19 Disparity in Women. Front. Immunol. 12:680845. doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.680845 |
Abstract: | The current coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome virus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), has resulted in a major global pandemic, causing extreme morbidity and mortality. Few studies appear to suggest a significant impact of gender in morbidity and mortality, where men are reported at a higher risk than women. The infectivity, transmissibility, and varying degree of disease manifestation (mild, modest, and severe) in population studies reinforce the importance of a number of genetic and epigenetic factors, in the context of immune response and gender. The present review dwells on several contributing factors such as a stronger innate immune response, estrogen, angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 gene, and microbiota, which impart greater resistance to the SARS-CoV-2 infection and disease progression in women. In addition, the underlying importance of associated microbiota and certain environmental factors in gender-based disparity pertaining to the mortality and morbidity due to COVID-19 in women has also been addressed. |
URI: | http://bura.brunel.ac.uk/handle/2438/23290 |
DOI: | http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fimmu.2021.680845 |
ISSN: | 1664-3224 |
Appears in Collections: | Dept of Life Sciences Research Papers |
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