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Title: | Exploring the associations between early childhood development outcomes and ecological country-level factors across low-and middle-income countries |
Authors: | Allel, K Jaoude, GA Poupakis, S Batura, N Skordis, J Haghparast-Bidgoli, H |
Keywords: | early childhood development;low- and middle-income countries;inequalities;sustainable development goals;child health |
Issue Date: | 24-Mar-2021 |
Publisher: | MDPI |
Citation: | Allel, K. et al. (2021) 'Exploring the associations between early childhood development outcomes and ecological country-level factors across low-and middle-income countries', International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 18 (7), 3340, pp. 1 - 15. doi: 10.3390/ijerph18073340. |
Abstract: | Copyright © 2021 by the authors. A poor start in life shapes children’s development over the life-course. Children from low-and middle-income countries (LMICs) are exposed to low levels of early stimulation, greater socioeconomic deprivation and persistent environmental and health challenges. Nevertheless, little is known about country-specific factors affecting early childhood development (ECD) in LMICs. Using data from 68 LMICs collected as part of the Multiple Indicator Cluster Surveys between 2010 and 2018, along with other publicly available data sources, we employed a multivariate linear regression analysis at a national level to assess the association between the average Early Childhood Development Index (ECDI) in children aged 3–5 and country-level ecological characteristics: early learning and nurturing care and socioeconomic and health indicators. Our results show that upper-middle-income country status, attendance at early childhood education (ECE) programs and the availability of books at home are positively associated with a higher ECDI. Conversely, the prevalence of low birthweight and high under-5 and maternal mortality are negatively associated with ECDI nationally. On average, LMICs with inadequate stimulation at home, higher mortality rates and without mandatory ECE programs are at greater risks of poorer ECDI. Investment in early-year interventions to improve nurturing care and ECD outcomes is essential for achieving Sustainable Development Goals. |
Description: | Data Availability Statement: Data are shared publicly at the WHO, the WB, the DHS or the UN websites/repositories. Supplementary materials are available online at: https://www.mdpi.com/article/10.3390/ijerph18073340/s1 . |
URI: | https://bura.brunel.ac.uk/handle/2438/27922 |
DOI: | https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18073340 |
ISSN: | 1661-7827 |
Other Identifiers: | ORCID iD: Kasim Allel https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2144-7181 ORCID iD: Gerard Abou Jaoude https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6022-3036 ORCID iD: Stavros Poupakis https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2688-5404 ORCID iD: Neha Batura https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8175-8125 ORCID iD: Jolene Skordis https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8633-0208 ORCID iD: Hassan Haghparast-Bidgoli https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6365-2944 3340 |
Appears in Collections: | Dept of Economics and Finance Research Papers |
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