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With increasing renewable-energy demand, efficient maximum power point tracking (MPPT) remains essential for photovoltaic (PV) systems operating under nonlinear and varying conditions. This paper proposes a hybrid Q-learning-based fuzzy sliding mode controller (QGFSMC), integrating Q-learning adaptation, fuzzy ...

While these injustices around race and gender are experienced across many academic communities, migration status produces a specific and undertheorised layer of vulnerability, shaped by anti- immigration policies, visa-inflected precarity, and shrinking academic freedoms that existing frameworks have not&#...

Purpose: Conventional pregnancy self-tests rely on the visual interpretation of test results, creating barriers to the independent use, privacy and confidence for blind and low-vision (BLV) users. This study reports the concept development and preliminary acceptability evaluation of an acc...

Returning to natural processes has become the central approach in modern wastewater treatment. This study investigates the effectiveness of barley straw (Hordeum vulgare) in mitigating algal blooms and reducing total suspended solids (TSS) in maturation basins at the El-Zarabi oxidation pond ...

Human language looms large in the emergence and evolution of graphic codes. Here, I argue that language not only acts as a strong constraint on graphic codes, but it is also a precondition for their emergence and their evolution as computational devices.

Like other social animals and biological systems, human groups constantly exchange information. Network models provide a way of quantifying this process by representing the pathways of information propagation between individuals. Existing approaches to studying these networks largely hypothesize network&#x...

Our commentary aims to enrich Singh’s subjective selection framework in two fundamental ways. First, language is necessary for coordinating on shared instrumental goals. Without it, the explanatory burden rests largely on evolved psychology. Second, goals themselves are culturally constructed, sociall...

Collective intelligence (CI) — the ability of groups to find solutions to problems and make decisions more effectively than their individual members — is a prominent feature of many group-living species, including our own. In this introductory article of the theme issue, we review&...