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Title: | The Roles of recognition processes and look-ahead search in time-constrained expert problem solving: Evidence from grandmaster level chess. |
Authors: | Gobet, F Simon, H A |
Keywords: | Chess;problem solving;decision making;simultaneous chess;Kasparov;knowledge;search;look ahead;skill;expertise;chunking;pattern recognition |
Issue Date: | 1996 |
Publisher: | Blackwell Publishing |
Citation: | Gobet, F. & Simon, H. A. (1996). The Roles of recognition processes and look-ahead search in time-constrained expert problem solving: Evidence from grandmaster level chess. Psychological Science, 7, 52-55. (The definitive version is available at www.blackwell-synergy.com) |
Abstract: | Chess has long served as an important standard task environment for research on human memory and problem-solving abilities and processes. In this paper, we report evidence on the relative importance of recognition processes and planning (look-ahead) processes in very high level expert performance in chess. The data show that the rated skill of a top-level grandmaster is only slightly lower when he is playing simultaneously against a half dozen grandmaster opponents than under tournament conditions that allow much more time for each move. As simultaneous play allows little time for look-ahead processes, the data indicate that recognition, based on superior chess knowledge, plays a much larger part in high-level skill in this task than does planning by looking ahead. |
URI: | http://bura.brunel.ac.uk/handle/2438/1338 |
DOI: | https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-9280.1996.tb00666.x |
Appears in Collections: | Psychology Dept of Life Sciences Research Papers |
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