Please use this identifier to cite or link to this item: http://bura.brunel.ac.uk/handle/2438/30760
Title: The Association Between Metabolic Syndrome and the Risk of Endometrial Cancer in Pre- and Post-Menopausal Women: A UK Biobank Study
Authors: Karkia, R
Maccarthy, G
Payne, A
Karteris, E
Pazoki, R
Chatterjee, J
Keywords: endometrial cancer;UK Biobank;risk stratification;metabolic syndrome;obesity;adipokines
Issue Date: 24-Jan-2025
Publisher: MDPI
Citation: Karkia, I. et al. (2025) 'The Association Between Metabolic Syndrome and the Risk of Endometrial Cancer in Pre- and Post-Menopausal Women: A UK Biobank Study', Journal of Clinical Medicine, 14 (3), 751, pp. 1 - 15. doi: 10.3390/jcm14030751.
Abstract: Background: Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is a syndrome that comprises central obesity, increased serum triglyceride (TG) levels, decreased serum HDL cholesterol (HDL) levels, raised blood pressure (BP), and impaired glucose regulation, including prediabetic and diabetic glycaemic levels. Recently, the association with endometrial cancer (EC) has been described but it is unclear if the risk associated with MetS is higher than the individual effect of obesity alone. This study investigates the association between MetS components and differing MetS definitions on EC risk and compares the risk of MetS with the risk posed by obesity alone. It also analyses how MetS affects the risk of EC development in the pre- and post-menopausal subgroups. Methods: A prospective cohort study was undertaken using data from the UK biobank. Multivariable Cox proportional risk models with the time to diagnosis (years) were used to estimate the hazard ratio (HR) and 95% confidence interval (CI) of MetS and its components on the risk of EC. A subgroup analysis was also undertaken for pre- and post-menopausal participants. Kaplan–Meier (KM) was undertaken to assess the difference in the risk of EC development in differing BMI classes, and in pre- and post-menopausal subgroups. Results: A total of 177,005 females from the UK biobank were included in this study. Of those participants who developed EC (n = 1454), waist circumference > 80 cm, BMI > 30 kg/m2, hypertension > 130/80 mmHg, hyperlipidaemia and diabetes (HbA1C > 48 mmol/L were significant predictors of EC development, with waist circumference being the strongest predictor (HR = 2.21; 95% CI: 1.98–2.47, p < 0.001). Comparing the pre- and post-menopausal subgroup, hypertriglyceridaemia and diabetes were the strongest predictors of EC in the pre-menopausal subgroup (HR = 1.53; 95% CI: 1.18–1.99 and HR = 1.51; 95% CI: 1.08–2.12, p < 0.05, respectively). Raised waist circumference was not a significant independent predictor in the pre-menopausal subgroup. A KM curve analysis showed a clear distinction between those with and without MetS in the pre-menopausal group, suggesting a benefit of testing for MetS components in pre-menopausal women with obesity. Conclusions: Components of MetS, both independently and in combination, significantly increase the risk of EC. Screening those with obesity for MetS in their pre-menopausal years may help to identify those at the highest risk.
Description: Data Availability Statement: Data can be made available upon requests made via the UK Biobank.
Supplementary Materials are available online at: https://www.mdpi.com/2077-0383/14/3/751#app1-jcm-14-00751 .
URI: https://bura.brunel.ac.uk/handle/2438/30760
DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm14030751
Other Identifiers: ORCiD: Rebecca Karkia https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7312-1397
ORCiD: Annette Payne https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2009-0141
ORCiD: Emmanouil Karteris https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3231-7267
ORCiD: Raha Pazoki https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5142-2348
ORCiD: Jayanta Chatterjee https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1770-4835
751
Appears in Collections:Dept of Life Sciences Research Papers

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