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Title: | EEG Microstate Syntax Analysis: A Review of Methodological Challenges and Advances |
Authors: | Haydock, D Kadir, S Leech, R Nehaniv, CL Antonova, E |
Keywords: | neuroimaging;electroencephalography;biomarkers;resting-state EEG;cognition |
Issue Date: | 16-Feb-2025 |
Publisher: | Elsevier |
Citation: | Haydock, D. et al. (2025) ‘EEG microstate syntax analysis: A review of methodological challenges and advances’, NeuroImage, 309, 121090, pp. 1 - 13. doi: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2025.121090. |
Abstract: | Electroencephalography (EEG) microstates are “quasi-stable” periods of electrical potential distribution in multichannel EEG derived from peaks in Global Field Power. Transitions between microstates form a temporal sequence that may reflect underlying neural dynamics. Mounting evidence indicates that EEG microstate sequences have long-range, non-Markovian dependencies, suggesting a complex underlying process that drives EEG microstate syntax (i.e., the transitional dynamics between microstates). Despite growing interest in EEG microstate syntax, the field remains fragmented, with inconsistent terminologies used between studies and a lack of defined methodological categories. To advance the understanding of functional significance of microstates and to facilitate methodological comparability and finding replicability across studies, we: i) derive categories of syntax analysis methods, reviewing how each may be utilised most readily; ii) define three “time-modes” for EEG microstate sequence construction; and iii) outline general issues concerning current microstate syntax analysis methods, suggesting that the microstate models derived using these methods are cross-referenced against models of continuous EEG. We advocate for these continuous approaches as they do not assume a winner-takes-all model inherent in the microstate derivation methods and contextualise the relationship between microstate models and EEG data. They may also allow for the development of more robust associative models between microstates and functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging data. |
Description: | Data availability: No data was used for the research described in the article. |
URI: | https://bura.brunel.ac.uk/handle/2438/30849 |
DOI: | https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neuroimage.2025.121090 |
ISSN: | 1053-8119 |
Other Identifiers: | ORCiD: David Haydock https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1247-0328 ORCiD: Shabnam Kadir https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0103-9156 ORCiD: Robert Leech https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5801-6318 ORCiD: Chrystopher L. Nehaniv https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7807-1875 ORCiD: Elena Antonova https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1624-3202 121090 |
Appears in Collections: | Dept of Life Sciences Research Papers |
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FullText.pdf | Copyright © 2025 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier Inc. This is an open access article under the CC BY license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). | 2.82 MB | Adobe PDF | View/Open |
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