Background: Quadriceps maximal voluntary contraction (QMVC) reliably measures quadriceps muscle force and predicts mortality in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). However, the minimal important difference (MID) of QMVC is not well-established. Aim To estimate the MID of QMVC pa...

Introduction: The benefits of pulmonary rehabilitation (PR) decline after 6–12 months. Previous studies of maintenance in the literature have been labour-intensive and concentrated on secondary care healthcare utilisation only. We aimed to investigate whether Self-management Programme of Activity, Coping&#...

Aluminium alloys are widely used across various sectors of engineering due to their lower density combined with higher strength compared to many existing alloys of other metals. These unique characteristics have led to an increased demand for and discovery of new aluminium alloys w...

Humans stand alone in terms of their potential to collectively and cumulatively change their culture in an open-ended manner. This open-endedness provides societies with the ability to continually expand their resources and to increase their capacity to store, transmit and process informatio...

DNA replication is essential for genome stability, but it is constantly jeopardized by various obstacles such as nucleoprotein complexes and transcription–replication conflicts. If not properly resolved, these impediments lead to replication fork collapse, genomic instability, and even cell death. Thi...

Work-related stress has emerged as a significant issue, developing into a globally critical concern that affects employees' well-being across various organizational contexts. The global trend of rising stress levels among employees, particularly those in educational settings such as schools, under...

A trade-off between strength and ductility often constrains the widespread application of high-pressure die-casting (HPDC) Mg-RE alloys. This study modulates the intermetallic compounds at the grain boundary (GB) in Mg-3.5RE-1.5Gd alloys through trace Al additions (0, 0.5, and 1.0 wt.%). Multisca...

The optimization of Hydrogen-Integrated Hybrid Renewable Energy Systems remains challenging due to conflicting objectives, nonlinear operational constraints, and the limited adaptability of conventional evolutionary algorithms. This study introduces an adaptive Non-dominated Sorting Genetic Algorithm II (NSGA-II) fr...

A significant and growing proportion of graduate economics job advertisements in the UK and other countries mentions programming skills. Do undergraduates see that shift, and do they want their degree programme to keep pace? We answer these questions with the first multi-year survey...